Diabetes Complications-Types, Symptoms, Causes,Treatment

by Sippi Singh

In diabetes, it is necessary to control blood sugar level carefully. Otherwise you may face many complications and they are classified in three categories: irritation, short term complications and long term complications.

Irritation: this is the less severe complications and generally reversible, but also very abominable. Here are some of them: blurred vision, unusual thirst, frequent urination, gum infections, obesity, and other skin problems.

Short- term complications: These complications are associated with an increased blood sugar level and it is perilous. If this is not treated with time can cause even death. There are some most severe complications of this type are:

Ketoacidosis: This usually happens in people with type 1 diabetes. It is a condition of high blood acidity which is caused by lack of insulin. Individual's condition contorts rapidly if not treated with insulin injections or pills and a lot of liquid.

Hyperosmolar syndrome: This type of complications is generally happen in elderly, neglected individuals. In this, high blood sugar occurs due to severe dehydration and kidney cannot discard excess sugar. Hence, the blood becomes dense, viscous syrup. It is essential to administer huge amount of liquid in order to streamline blood.

Hypoglycemia or low blood glucose: This occurs when an individual treated, but do not take enough diet or doing much exercise. There are some typical symptoms occurs in the body like excessive sweating, unusual hunger, nervousness, flurry, and even coma. It needs the treatment of glucose. 

Long term complications: These complications occur after a long time period of poorly controlled diabetes and have a prominent on health. Once these types of problems are developed in the body they are generally irreversible. Therefore, it is better to be kept effective treatment instantly after diabetes is diagnosed in individual. There are some long term complications that are classified into two groups: microvascular complications include damage in small blood vessels and macrovasculr complications include damage in large blood vessels.

Microvascular complications consider different types of problems such as:
€ Diabetic nephropathy: it concerns with kidney damage or disease. In this, Nephrons filter your blood and remove waste from the blood. In diabetics, the nephrons slowly thicken and become damage with time. The kidneys start to leak and albumin (protein) passes into the pee.

€ Diabetic retinopathy: it is a type of eye disease, happens when blood vessels in the retina change. It leads to vision loss that cannot be reversed in many cases.

€ Diabetic neuropathy: it is a type of nerve damage occurs in diabetics. It may lead many complications like tingling and numbness in the legs, lack of sensation in the feet, and extreme problems with digestive system, blood vessels and heart.

Microvascular complications consider different types of problems like:

€ Arteriosclerotic heart disease: it belongs to the blockage of the blood vessels of the heart.

€ Arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease: it considers the blockage of blood vessels of the brain.

€ Arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease: it includes the blood vessels of the legs. Amputation may occur when not treated seriously.